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    The fundamental principle of IRCAM is to encourage productive interaction among scientific research, technological developments, and contemporary music production. Since its establishment in 1977, this initiative has provided the foundation for the institute’s activities. One of the major issues is the importance of contributing to the renewal of musical expression through science and technology. Conversely, sp…

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  • Research

    The fundamental principle of IRCAM is to encourage productive interaction among scientific research, technological developments, and contemporary music production. Since its establishment in 1977, this initiative has provided the foundation for the institute’s activities. One of the major issues is the importance of contributing to the renewal of musical expression through science and technology. Conversely, sp…

    • Research Topics
    • The STMS Lab
    • Research Teams
    • Sound Systems and Signals: Audio/Acoustics, InstruMents
    • Acoustic and Cognitive Spaces
    • Perception and Sound Design
    • Sound Analysis-Synthesis
    • Sound Music Movement Interaction
    • Musical Representations
    • Analysis of Musical Practices
    • Projects
    • Sound Workshop
    • The Musical Body
    • Creative Dynamics
    • Musique/Sciences Collection
  • Creation

    IRCAM is an internationally recognized research center dedicated to creating new technologies for music. The institute offers a unique experimental environment where composers strive to enlarge their musical experience through the concepts expressed in new technologies.

    • Composers & Artists in Studio
    • In Ex Machina
    • Jazz Ex Machina
    • Improvise cum machina 1/2
    • Improvise cum machina 2/2
    • Like Sound, Like Flesh
    • Silent Talks
    • Music-Fictions
    • Tablado
    • Musical creation around Outer Space
    • Campo Abierto
    • Musical creation around Dream Work
    • Biotope
    • EROR
    • IDEA
    • Artistic Research Residency
    • Artistic Residencies: The Blog
    • Rendez Vous 20.21
    • Season 2021.22
    • Seasons from 1996 to present
    • ManiFeste-2022 Website
    • Replay: ManiFeste-2022 Concerts
    • ManiFeste festival from 2012 to 2022
    • L’Étincelle, IRCAM’s journal of creation
  • Transmission

    In parallel to its fundamental missions of research and creation, IRCAM is committed to sharing its knowledge and know-how, its technologies with the general public. Cutting-edge research and diffusion of innovations, an international reference for education and the democratization of artistic practices are the driving forces behind the institute’s educational activities.

    • 2022.23 Training Courses
    • Max, Max for Live
    • OpenMusic
    • Modalys
    • TS2 and Partiels
    • Sound spatialization
    • From PureData to audio plugins
    • Sensors, Interfaces, and Interactive Machine Learning
    • Other training programs
    • Practical Information
    • Advanced Programs
    • Cursus Program on Composition and Computer Music
    • Supersonic Chair
    • Master ATIAM
    • Sound Design Master's Program
    • Music Doctorate
    • AIMove Master
    • School Programs
    • Studios of Creation
    • Mixed-Music
    • Artistic and Cultural Education
    • Career Discovery Visit
    • Images of a Work Collection
    • ManiFeste-2022, the Academy
  • Innovations

    At the center of societal and economic concerns combining culture and information technologies, the current research at IRCAM is seen by the international research community as a reference for interdisciplinary projects on the sciences and technologies for sound and music, constantly exposed to society’s new needs and uses.

    • The IRCAM Forum
    • Subscribe to the Forum
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Corpus-Based Concatenative Synthesis

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Database of recorded sounds and a unit selection algorithm
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Corpus-based concatenative synthesis uses a database of recorded sounds and a unit selection algorithm that chooses the segments from the database that best suit the musical sequence that we would like to synthesize by concatenation. The selection is based on the characteristics of the recording obtained through signal analysis and match, for example, the pitch, energy, or spectrum.

The habitual methods for musical synthesis are based on a model of a sound signal, but it is very difficult to establish a model that conserves the entirety of the details and delicacy of the sound. However, concatenative synthesis—that uses real recordings—preserves these details. Putting the new approach for concatenative synthesis by corpus in real-time in place enables an interactive exploration of a sound database and a granular composition that targets specific sound characteristics. It also makes it possible for composers and musicians to reach new sounds. This principle is carried out in the CataRT system. This
system makes it possible to display a 2D projection of the descriptor space that can be browsed using a mouse or external controllers. Grains are then selected in the original recording and performed by geometric proximity, metronome, in loops, or continuously. It is also possible to define a perimeter around one’s present position that selects a sub-group of grains that are then played randomly. CataRT is used for musical composition, performance, and in various sound installations. As this field of research is fairly young, several interesting research questions have been raised (or will be raised in the future) concerning the analysis and exploitation of the information found in the data of a corpus, the visualization, and real-time interaction.

IRCAM's team: Sound Music Movement Interaction team.

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